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Dr Faizan Ahmad possesses experience in the multidisciplinary fields of engineering within the industry and academia. He has worked in different roles in mechanical and biomedical engineering disciplines, with a primary emphasis on engineering, biomedical and soft tissue material mechanics. He served as a design, stress, manufacturing, quality control and project engineer, within the aerospace, automotive, manufacturing, and quality control industries.
In academia, Dr Ahmad has focused his research and expertise on very complex soft tissue mechanics, in particular heart tissue mechanics. He is actively involved in clinically-focused research, with the ongoing Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) - a funded project investigating the effects of growth and remodelling due to ageing on cardiac biomechanics. This is the extension of his PhD research, reporting the novel biomechanical and structural data of neonatal heart tissue for the first time in the literature. These data are used to establish the material parameters of the neonatal heart tissue via constitutive modelling, to perform neonatal cardiac computational simulations.
The overall aim of his research is to reveal the fundamentals of ageing in ventricular mechanics via biomechanical, macro-and-microstructural, and histochemical analyses. These data will be used to develop novel growth and remodelling-based constitutive models for enhanced age-dependent cardiac computational simulations. Such simulations should prove valuable in developing novel interventions and treatments for cardiovascular diseases.
Dr Ahmad successfully made the academic collaborations between Cardiff, Swansea and Glasgow Universities to secure £800K of funding from EPSRC. The preliminary/pilot data for this grant application was extracted from his PhD thesis and journal publications.
PhD in Engineering, Cardiff University, UK (2014 - 2018)
BEng (Hons) Mechanical Engineering, University of Salford, UK (2009 - 2013)
Diploma in Professional Studies, University of Salford, UK (2011 - 2012)
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disability and death in the UK and worldwide. The British Heart Foundation estimate CVD causes a £19bn annual economic impact when considering the cost of premature death, lost productivity, hospital treatment and prescriptions. Normal growth and remodelling, because of ageing, is an underpinning phenomenon in all forms of CVD.
A child will have a greater capacity for homeostatic, adaptive changes in myocardial compliance and ventricular pump function as compared to an elderly individual with an aged, stiffer heart. The prevalence of acquired heart disease (e.g. coronary heart disease, which can lead to myocardial infarction), particularly in the elderly population, means that this is the dominant public health problem in our society. Computational modelling provides a platform for forward and inverse analysis of cardiac mechanics with fluid-structure interaction (FSI) enabling the integration of multi-scalar structure-function, and fluidic, data. Combined with the ever-increasing computational power, FSI presents an emerging opportunity for investigating CVD-based, patient-specific interventions. Such personalised procedures have already delivered enhanced outcomes across other clinical specialities (e.g. Trauma & Orthopaedics).
This emerging capability is being exploited to enhance CVD understanding, with examples including improved knowledge of myocardial infarction, evaluation of novel graft materials, and assessing the vulnerabilities of atherosclerotic arteries to plaque. The value of such simulations is a function of accurately representing tissue behaviour, via constitutive models; however, there are no established clinical protocols for measuring these properties in vivo, necessitating mathematical approximations. The anisotropic, hyperelastic mechanical response of normal myocardial tissue is now represented using several structure-based constitutive models. Phenomenological models derived from the Fung-based exponential constitutive framework reproduce transversely isotropic or orthotropic mechanical behaviour, motivated by knowledge of the gross microstructure and stress-strain relationships measured from excised myocardium.
Other sophisticated constitutive models such as Ogden, Holzapfel and Gasser include 2D and 3D fibre dispersion, fibre dispersion with rotational symmetry, and non-symmetric fibre dispersion. Some of these laws have been extended to consider growth and remodelling (G&R) phenomenologically, to provide a measure of age-specific behaviour (critical for patient-specific simulation). The development of new G&R viscoelastic constitutive models to enable the prediction of age-specific tissue properties is currently limited by a paucity of underlying experimental data. Generating new experimentally based G&R laws promises to enable the simulation of age-specific tissue behaviour and thereby unlock a revolution in patient-specific cardiac treatment.
Dr Faizan Ahmad's research is focussing on generating these age-specific experimental data, via biomechanical, macro-and-microstructural, and histochemical analyses. These novel data will enable the development of sophisticated age-dependent constitutive models, based on the adaptive G & R that occurred from neonatal to adulthood. Such models will accurately simulate the heart tissue at a specific age, which should prove valuable to other researchers, bioengineers, and clinicians to develop novel interventions and treatments for CVD.
SAVIOUR ENGINEERING SERVICES LTD, Derbyshire UK – Project Engineer (2013 – 2014)
DIRINLER DOKUM (Manufactures of BOSCH AND SIEMENS), Izmir Turkey – Design and Stress Engineer (2011 – 2012)
AYMAS RECYCLING MACHINERY, Izmir Turkey– Design and Stress Engineer (2011)
ATALAN Group (AEROSPACE AND AUTOMOTIVE), Izmir Turkey– Design and Stress Engineer (2011)
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